LoRa vs 4G for Street Lighting IoT
Choosing the right communication technology is critical for smart street lighting success. The two leading options — LoRaWAN and 4G Cat.1 — each have distinct advantages.
LoRaWAN - Range: Up to 3km urban, 15km line-of-sight - Power: Ultra-low power consumption - Cost: Lower per-node hardware cost - Infrastructure: Requires gateway deployment (~1 per 500-1000 nodes) - Spectrum: License-free ISM bands (868/915 MHz) - Best for: Large-area deployments with many nodes, campus environments
4G Cat.1 (LTE) - Range: Cellular coverage area (no range limit within coverage) - Power: Moderate power consumption - Cost: Higher per-node cost but no gateway needed - Infrastructure: Uses existing cellular networks - Spectrum: Licensed cellular bands - Best for: Distributed deployments, areas without gateway infrastructure, rapid deployment
Decision Framework
Choose LoRaWAN when: - You are deploying 200+ lights in a contiguous area - You can install and maintain gateway infrastructure - Minimizing per-unit cost is the priority
Choose 4G Cat.1 when: - Lights are geographically dispersed - You need rapid deployment without infrastructure build-out - Each node needs guaranteed bandwidth (e.g., for OTA updates or real-time video)
